Definition

CMV human cytomegalovirus (HCMV / HHV-5). The virus belongs to the herpes virus group. It occurs latently in the body of 40-80% healthy individuals and produces no symptoms. The mechanism of infection is not fully understood, but can be via saliva and other body fluids.

• CMV infection can be severe in a weakened immune system or during immunosuppressive antirevative therapy, after organ transplantation or in HIV infection

Symptoms

The disease picture may look similar Infectious mononucleosis. CMV may be suspected if the mononucleosis test is negative

• Fever
• Influenza-like
• May last as mononucleosis (5% of monunucleosis cases)
• Pneumonia (pneumonia)
• Vasculitis in the CNS (similar to Primary CNS vasculitis)
• Neutropenia (low number of white blood cells)

Pregnancy

Infection in pregnancy can lead to malformations

• The so-called "TORCH infections"is a group of infections that can cause fetal malformations
  • Toxoplasmosis
  • Rubella
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  • Herpes simplex

Diagnosis

• PCR examination of CMC DNA after Bronchial lavage, in urine, blood, spinal fluid or amniotic fluid
• Antigen in blood test
• Histology (tissue examination, biopsy)
• Antibody to CMV (IgG) remains positive throughout life after infection

Treatment

Ganciclovir (Cymevene) or other potent antiviral agents

Literature

• CMV in autoimmune diseases (Halenius A, 2014)
• Captivation and newborn with CMV (Emery VF, 2017)
• Wikipedia

Opportunistic infections, BINDEVEVSSYKDOMMER.no

• Bindevevssykdommer.no
• Vaskulitt.no